How to use it
Pick the key you are in and the key you want to reach. The table lists every triad both keys contain, with its Roman numeral in each key: that is your pivot. Press the play button to hear a short route: home chord, pivot, dominant 7th of the new key, new home chord.
Learn why this works in the modulation drill, and see key relationships on the circle of fifths and the relative key finder.
Frequently asked questions
How do I modulate between two keys?
Find a pivot chord (a chord both keys contain), play it as part of the old key, then follow it with the dominant 7th of the new key and the new tonic.
What if the two keys share no chords?
Then they are far apart. Use the dominant 7th of the new key directly (A7 to land on D), or a common-tone modulation, or simply change key abruptly.
Which keys are closest?
The relative major/minor and the keys one step either way around the circle of fifths. They share almost every note.